ALNL, ALNR

Type: Sensory neuron (minor oxygen-sensory)
Connectivity:
- In MoW: ALN
- In WormWiring: ALNLh, ALNRh, ALNLm, ALNRm
- In Nemanode: ALN
In Wormbase: ALN, ALNL, ALNR
Lineage: AB plapappppap, AB prapappppap
Location: Tail
Description: Neurons associated with ALM, send processes into tailspike.
Neurotransmitter/ Neuropeptide:
- Acetylcholine
- FLP-34
(Fadda et al., 2020; Loer and Rand, 2022; Duerr et al, 2008; Rand and Nonet, 1997-Appendix 2)
Innexin expression:
- CHE-7 (in early larva)
- INX-1a
- INX-1b
- INX-2
- INX-3
- INX-7
- INX-10a
- INX-11 (only in dauer)
- INX-14
- INX-18a
- UNC-7
- UNC-9
(Altun et al., 2009; Bhattacharya et al., 2019)

Receptor expression:
- DOP-1; D1-like dopamine receptor
- SER-2; tyramine receptor
- LGC-55; ligand-gated ion channel (tyramine-gated chloride channel)
(Wormbase; Altun, 2011; Pirri et al., 2009; Tsalik et al., 2003)
Function:
- Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC, e.g. GCY-35 and GCY-36)-expressing oxygen-sensing neurons (URX, AQR, PQR, SDQ, BDU, ALN, and PLN) mediate the avoidance of high O2 levels (Zimmer et al, 2009). URX appears to be the most important member of this group, since its activity is uniquely important for aggregation (Coates and de Bono, 2002), while for aerotactic behavior in an O2 gradient, URX is redundant with other sGC-expressing neurons (Chang et al., 2006).
Reporters:
- At CGC: OH11738 otIs439 [lad-2p::GFP + pha-1(+)], not exclusive to ALN (Gordon and Hobert, 2015)
- Other: uIs129 [lad-2p::GFP], not exclusive to ALN (Zheng et al., 2015)
Click image for closeup view Click pictures for higher resolution images
 
 

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ALNL (AB plapappppap) development in the embryo. Dorsal view. Bottom is left side of the embryo. Spheres indicate individual nuclei. Black sphere: ancestors of ALNL (since last ALNL ancestor has not yet gone through its final division, the black sphere seen at the end of this movie is still AB plapapppp); dark grey spheres: apoptotic cells; other cells follow the WA color code (after they acquire specific cell or tissue identities). 0 min is fertilization. Click on the movie for higher resolution rendition (by A. Santella & Z. Bao).
 
 

Click here for larger version
ALNR (AB prapappppap) development in the embryo. Dorsal view. Bottom is left side of the embryo. Spheres indicate individual nuclei. Black sphere: ancestors of ALNR (since last ALNR ancestor has not yet gone through its final division, the black sphere seen at the end of this movie is still AB prapapppp); dark grey spheres: apoptotic cells; other cells follow the WA color code (after they acquire specific cell or tissue identities). 0 min is fertilization. Click on the movie for higher resolution rendition (by A. Santella & Z. Bao).

Last revision: May 30, 2024
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